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Transformers Magazine Vol. 5 Issue 3
Dear Readers, Transformation is one of the notions that permeates the core of our industry. Although energy transformation made possible the transmission of electric energy from the place of production to remote places of consumption, thus enabling the development of the society to reach the stage we are at today, impacting and improving the life of billions of people worldwide, it was only when it… 
"We still have a lot planned" 150 years of Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen The company is turning 150 this year. The early beginnings can be traced to the production of machines for woodworking. Is it true that Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen even worked in aircraft construction? That's right. In the past 150 years, MR has lived through nearly every radical industrial change. The MR airplane – which was… 
Abstract In principle, measuring the ratio of a transformer is a straight-forward task – connect an AC supply to the transformer and measure the voltages on the primary and secondary. In reality, this simplified approach is not acceptable with respect to accuracy, safety, and ease of use. A better instrument is required – a dedicated TTR test set. Keywords: TTR, turn ratio, accuracy Generally, measuring… 
Long-term market trends Abstract As we are approaching ten years since the global financial crash of 2008, sufficient time has lapsed for a perspective on how this affected the market in years to follow. During the period 1990 to 2002, global GDP increased at a CAGR of 3.62 % whilst during that same period the global transformer market was lagging behind with an increase at… 
About Delta-X Research Delta-X Research was founded in 1992 as a consulting company by Dr James (Jim) Dukarm, a mathematician with extensive experience in developing industrial software, including for the electric power industry, employing artificial intelligence and other advanced techniques. Initially, Jim was involved in several projects, including design and development of an insulation power factor testing application for a major electric utility and providing… 
Abstract At home many people unplug their electronic devices if a thunderstorm is approaching to protect them from damage due to lightning strikes. In the power grid this is not possible. It is thus necessary to protect the apparatus by suitable measures, e.g. the installation of surge arresters. In the grid, not only do overvoltages occur due to lightning, but also other types of hazardous… 
Lapp GmbH develops and constructs strip winding machines (system Calotron®), which are internationally sought-after, mainly due to their compactness, performance and reliability, in the electrical engineering, and especially the transformer and throttle construction industries. In order to meet increased customer requirements in regard to their products and respond to the request for more flexibility, we developed a strip/wire winding machine. Here we also focused on… 
Health indices and life assessment methodology Myth, fake maintenance or genuine contribution to transformers fleet reliability? Abstract Nowadays, trendy attempts to avoid transformer failures include life assessment programs, software and health indices. Although many efforts are invested in these approaches, the transformer failure rate is not significantly reduced. This article will highlight the main critical points that have to be taken into consideration when index… 
Carlos Carvalho, Director of Technology at EFACEC, discusses the benefits of software modelling in the design and testing of transformers The EFACEC Group is leading the supply of integrated solutions and equipment in the market of power generation, transmission and distribution. The Group forms a complete value chain, from building turnkey projects to equipment manufacture, where integrated solutions are developed and designed in accordance… 
Dissolved Gas Analysis for transformer health management Abstract Complex studies have led to the development of powerful methods to assess the health of the insulation system, and even the entire transformer, by periodically analyzing samples of the transformer oil. By far the most important of these diagnostic methods is dissolved gas analysis (DGA), which was introduced in the 1960s. Our ability to measure and… 
Power transformer asset management Abstract In 2014, the ISO 55000 standard on asset management was issued, providing an internationally recognized framework for asset management that utilities can adopt to enhance the asset performance while controlling the risks at acceptable costs. This standard is, deliberately, made applicable to different kinds of organizations and assets, hence it does not elaborate on the management of specific assets… 
Abstract Dissolved gas analysis is a common technique in the supervision and maintenance of transformers. It can give hints on defects and faults in oil-immersed transformers by determining and quantifying gases arising due to thermal or electrical stress. Different algorithms for the assessment of transformers, which deploy data obtained from dissolved gas analysis, have been published so far. However, only few investigations exist that deal… 
Abstract The Sweep Frequency Response Analysis (SFRA) has become a standard method to assess the mechanical and electrical integrity of the power transformer’s active part. It provides a very high sensitivity to evaluate possible damages after transportation or for troubleshooting after a specific event such as a near failure with high short-circuit forces. However, users often struggle to reach a high reproducibility which is essential… 
A case study of an efficient measurement method Abstract The winding resistance measurement requires extended time. According to IEC 60076-1 and IEEE C57.12.90 standards, the test should be performed using DC test current on all phases of the high voltage, low voltage, and tertiary sides, and for all tap positions. Speeding up this measurement is very attractive. This paper presents two approaches to transformer saturation: increasing the… 
Abstract Expert systems have in recent years become an integral package of many online monitoring systems and diagnostic test equipment sold to transformer manufacturers, service providers and end users. They are also commonly used in oil laboratories for providing standardized reports with recommendations on dissolved gas analysis and oil quality tests results. This article discusses briefly the limitations of algorithms typically used in expert systems… 
